Type 304 is by far the most popular of the 300 series stainless steels. However, a fastener manufactured from stainless material that meets the 18/8 alloy mix does not necessarily meet the other slight differences in chemistry required to certify it as Type 304 stainless. In the fastener industry the term “18-8” is often used as a designation for a bolt, nut, or washer manufactured from 300 series stainless steel material that has the 18% chromium/8% nickel alloy mixture. While all 300 series stainless steels share this 18/8 mix, slight differences in chemical composition between the different grades of the 300 series do make certain grades more resistant than others against particular types of corrosion. “18-8” is not an actual specification, as it only refers to two different alloys in the steel. This “18-8” call out is referring to the 18% chromium/8% nickel alloy mixture of the steel. The term “18-8” is often used to designate products made from 300 series stainless. They can be hardened by cold working the material (“work hardening.”).They cannot be hardened by heat treatment.Their carbon content is generally held to a maximum of 0.08%.The 300 series designation contains many different compositions of alloy steel (303, 304, 305, 316, 321, 347, etc.) but the common factors among them are: There are many different types of stainless, but by far the most popular and widely used are the 300 series stainless steels, also known as the austenitic stainless steels. This layer is what makes the steel “stainless.” Higher levels of chromium and the addition of other alloying elements such as molybdenum and nickel enhance this protective barrier and further improve the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel. At and above this level of chromium, a complex chrome-oxide surface layer forms that prevents further oxygen atoms from penetrating into the steel and thus protects the iron in the matrix from rusting. “ Stainless Steel” is the general name for a large family of alloy steels that contain at least 10.5% chromium as part of their composition. To answer this question, you first need to know some basic information about stainless steel.
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